Profit and Loss Questions with Solution (Basic)

Solution:

On the whole, I gain 25% 

Therefore, I should get the cost price of 36 × (125 / 100) = 45 sheeps But I sell the first lot at a gain of 12.5% 

Hence by selling 16 sheep, I get the cost price of 16 × (112.5 / 100) = 18  sheeps 

Therefore, I should get the cost price of 45 - 18 = 27 sheep by selling the second lot of 20. 

Hence my gain there should be (7 / 20) * 100 = 35 

Solution:

Let him sell x cows at a gain of 20% and y cows at a gain of 30%. Therefore, 0.2x + 0.3y = -0.2 8( x + y ) 

=> y = 4x, Therefore, x + 4x = 240 => x = 48 

Solution:

In the given question "The dealer sells two horses, one for Rs.400, making a  profit of 25% and the other horse at a loss of 10% and makes neither profit  nor loss on the whole." 

Let the cost price of second horse = Rs.x i.e., 320 + x = 400 + 9x / 10 ( since  400 x 100 / 125 = 320) => x = Rs.800. 

Solution:

A = B + 50 ….(1) 

1.16 A + 1.07 B = A + B + 100 …..(2) 

=> A = Rs.450, B = Rs.400.

Solution:

18 x 100 p = 120x => x = 15.

Solution:

Let the consumption in July = x litres, 

Therefore, price of petrol = Rs. 200/ x 

=> Petrol bill in August = (0.9x) x (1.10) x 200/ x= Rs.198.

Solution:

Let the cost price and profit be X. 

Therefore, 

((24-x) / x) * 100 = x  

x2 + 100x − 2400 = 

hence x = 20

Solution:

The required value of the bike after 3 years = 48000 * (70/100) * (80/100)² = Rs 21504

Solution:

Let x be the cost price of the watch.

Therefore, profit percentage is also x.

x + x × (x / 100) = 75

Or x = 50

Solution:

Loss = 15 x 15 / 100 = 2.25%.

C.P = (2 x 1955 x 100) / 97.75 = Rs.4000.

Loss = 4000 — 2 x (1955) = Rs.90.

Solution:

The Cost Price (C.P) of 1 dozen apples = Rs.15.

Hence, the C.P of 5 dozen apples = 15 x 5 = Rs.75.

Adding Rs.15 towards transportation cost, the total cost price of 5 dozen apples becomes Rs.90.

Now, the Selling Price (S.P) of 1 dozen apples = Rs.24.

Hence, the Sales Revenue of 5 dozen apples = 24 x 5 = Rs.120. Thus, Net Profit = Sales Revenue - Cost Price = 120 - 90 = Rs.30. The Profit is always expressed as a percentage to cost price. Required  answer = (30/90) x 100

= 33.33%

Solution:

Cost Price for 11 articles = Rs.10 .... (I)

Sales Price for 10 articles = Rs.11 .... (II)

Sales Price for 11 articles = Rs.12.1 (III)

Thus, required profit = [(12.1-10) / 10] x 100 = 21%.

Solution:

Cost price of 12 Numbers = Selling price of 8 Numbers

=> Selling price of 8 Numbers = Cost price of 8 Numbers + Cost price of 4  Numbers

Therefore, Profit = Cost price of 4 Numbers

=> Profit % = (Cost price of 4 numbers / cost price of 8

numbers) x 100=(4 / 8) x 100 = 50%

Solution:

When the two figures of (i) reduction and (ii) increase are the same (here, 20%  each), the calculation is direct, as follows: (a) Overall gain or loss

=> Always loss. (b) Numerical Values? = 20% x 20% = 4% (multiply two values and divide by 100).

Solution:

Purchase price for 20 chairs=Rs. 1000

Repairs amount (to be determined) = Rs. X

Sales price for 20 chairs = Rs. 5000

Profit derived for 20 chairs = Rs. 2000

We have, (3) - [(1) + (2)] = (4).

? 5000 - (1000 + X) = 2000 => X = 2000.

Solution:

Let the marked price of the article be Rs. X

Purchase Price (C.P) for Kiran = 0.75 X.

S.P for Kiran = (0.75 X) + 10% of (0.75 X) = 660

0.825 X = Rs.660 = X = Rs.800.

Solution:

Let the false weight be x gm.

Thus, the profit made is through sale of (100-x) gm

Hence, we have (100-x) / x = 25% → x = 800 gm

Solution:

Let the cost price for ‘A’ be Rs. X

Therefore, x * (110/100) * (120/100) = 264000

X = 200000

Solution:

Let the original cost price of the article be Rs.'X'. Thus, we get, X + 22% of X = 61  => X = Rs.50

Solution:

The Unit Cost Price of sugar = 11 ÷ 1.1 = Rs.10 per kg.

Thus, by selling one kg, the gain is Re.1.

Hence, when the total gain is Rs.50, 50 kg of sugar must have been sold.